Heating furnace



Dec. 28 1926.

J. HERMANS HEATING FURNACE Filed Nov. 12, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 23 IL/ERMHIVS,

ATTORNEYS Dec. 28 1926. 1,612,115

J- HERMANS HEATING FURNACE Filed Nov. 12 1925' I5 Shets-Sheet 2 INVEN'IOR ATTORN EYS Dec. 28 1926.

' J. HERMANS HEATING FURNACE Filed Nov. 12, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR .JbH/y Hemxnva,

ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 28, 1926.

I'T ED STATES JDHEN HERMAN S, 05F CDUVER, WASHING'IIQN.

HEATING EU. BNACE Application .filed November 12, 1925. .Serial No. 68,625.

This invention relates to improvements "in heating furnaces, and it consists in the constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of the invention is to provide a furnace intended particularly for heating residences (although not confined to such use), one of the advantageous features consisting of building a plurality of fines in the vicinity of the fire chamber out of brick or the like, the .fiue walls giving off considerable heat for a considerable length of time even after the fire has gone out.

Another object of the invention is to provide .a one-pipe furnace consisting of the combination of certain metallic jackets and a central "brick .core having a plurality of fiues through which the products of combustion circulate before passing on to the chimney with the result that the brick core comes very hot and in turn heats the air in said jackets.

Other objects and advantages appear in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a partial front elevation and vertical section of the improved furnace.

Figure 2 is .a central vertical section of the furnace taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 3.

Figure .3 is :a horizontal section taken .on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4: is .a horizontal section taken on the line H of Figure .2.

In carrying out the invention, provision is made of outer and inner metallic jackets or casings l and 2 which are spaced relationship to provide a passage 8 for the down flow of cool .air as indicated by the arrows. Both jackets have conical shoulders 4: and 5 which respectively terminate incollars 6 and 7. The collars end at a grate .8 in the floor 9 of the residence or other place intended to be heated. The hot air passes upwardly out of the inner jacket at the center of the grate and the cool .air returns at the edges of cfhe grate into the passage '3 mentioned beore.

A cement base 10, metallic ring or the like provides an appropriate support for the outer jacket L The inner jacket 2 is shorter than the outer jacket, falling short of the bottom as indicated .at 11 in Figure 1. This arrangement produces a continuation of the passage 3 so that there may be communication between the jackets. 3311-1; the inner jacket 2 is adequately supported by 'a plurality of brackets 12 (Figs. :2 3 and 4,) which are built into the brick core 13 and in turn are supported :by ledges 1 1 (Fig. 2) projecting from the brick core.

The core, generally designated 13., is built of bricks and in the construction thereof is made to include the "fire chamber 1 1 with which the main central .fiue 15 communicates. It is into this fiue that the products of combustion originating in the fire chamber 14 are discharged whereupon they pass into a common flue chamber 116 from which a plurality ot'fiu'es 17 extend in the downward direction. These fines are substantially upright, and in Fig. '3 are seen to pass around the fire chamber 14 so that the products oat combustion may pass into the lower common fiue chamber 18.

This chamber, as is seen in Figure a, has the substantial shape ot a cross, the particular configuration being best adapted to the various fiues that combine thereat. The various upright lines 17 combine at the two members 19 of the cross, the remaining memher '20 of the cross having communication with the discharge fiue '21 which directs the products of combustion to the chimney pipe 22. The arrangement provides for a common outlet of all of the fines 1'7 into the cross channel 19 4 A door and passage 2-3 and 24 permit cleaning out off the lower common flue chamber 1801' in other words, the cross shown in Figure 4.

A steel drum 25 is in direct communication with the main central flue '15 and the common flue chamber 1'6 2) and therefore directly receives the products of combus't'ion when in the hottest condition. This drum includes a flange 26 by means of which it is firmly incorporated in the brick construction of the core 1'3. "The drum is obviously closed at the upper end and although herein shown as of flaring shape may in practice be 01' other shape. But regardless of shape, the drum is intended to extend into the air chamber 27 formed between the inner jacket 2 and the brick core 13. The disposition of the steel drum permits a quick radiation of heat so that the efi'ect of a fire in the chamber 14? is directly felt in the room above.

A door 28, carried a cast iron frame29, provides the necessary closure for the fire chamber 1?. The customary grate of the fire chamber is omitted in the drawings the furnace being a wood burner. The chain 30 at once controls the fire door draft opening 31 and the chimney pipe damper 32. The chain is trained over pulleys The arrangement may be on any known order and has no direct bearing on the invention. iiletallic plates 3% are incorporated in the brick construction of the core 13 wherever necessary, in order to properly support the various arches. It is observed in l igure 1 that deflector 3-5 serves to direct the down flowing products of combustion toward the center of the lower common fiue chamber 18. There will be a similar deflector on the opposite side.

The operation of the improved furnace is readily understood. The hot products of combustion passing upwardly in the central flue 15 fills the steel drum and causes immediate heating of the air in the flue chamber 27. The full benefit of the fire is got before the products of combustion turn and pass downwardly in the upright lines 17. Upon passing downwardly in these tlues the produc s of combustion reach the lower common flue chamber 18, finally passing upwardly in the discharge flue 21 and off at the chimney pipe 22.

During the circulation of the products of combustion through the fines 15, 17 and 21, as well as the chambers 16 and 18 the surrounding brickwalls become very hot. 111- asmuch as the brick core is well confined by the double jackets 1 and 2 the heating of the air in the chamber 27 is done most effectively. The heat in the brick walls is communicated to the air in the chamber 2'? for a considerable length of time even after the fire in the chamber 14 has gone out.

The steel drum 25 performs an important function in the operation of the furnace. iitssuming that the furnace is cold, a fire when first built in the chamber 1e will produce an immediate heating of the drum 25, this in turn will cause an immediate heating of the air in the chamber 27 so that this air passes upwardly in the central part of the grate 8, thereby drawing up the air in the space surrounding the core and starting circulation of air around the inner acket 2 which continues until the furnace again becomes cold.

While the construction and arrangement of the improved heating furnace is that of a generally preferred form, obviously modifications and changes may be made without from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

7 I claim 1. ll furnace con-:iprising a core having a fire chamber, a jacket spaced around the core defining an air chamber above the core and having an air outlet, and a metallic drum in which the hottest products of combustion from the fire chamber circulate be fore returning in the direction of the fire chamber, said drum extending into the air chamber and insuring quick heating of the air therein.

2. A furnace comprising a brick core having a fire chamber and a central flue communicating therewith, a common flue chamber into which said central flue discharges, a plurality of upright flues built into the core and distributed around the fire chamber, said fines extending downwardly from the common flue chamber past the fire chamber, a lower common fiue chamber located beneath the fire chamber into which the upright fines discharge, and a discharge fiue leading from tl e lower flue chamber, the aforesaid various lines and chambers permitting a thorough heating of the core from the interior; and a plurality of spaced metallic jackets defining a passage between themselves and a chamber around the core and directing air toward the core so that it is heated during passage over the core.

3. A furnace comprising a brick core hava fire chamber and a central flue comn'iunicating therewith, a common fiue chamber into which said central flue discharges, said chamber having a plurality of upright fines extending downwardly past the fire chamber, a lower common flue chamber into which the upright fiues discharge, a discharge fiue with which a chimney pipe is communicable, the aforesaid various fines and chambers permitting a thorough heating of the core from the interior; a plurality of spaced metallic jackets defining a passage between themselves and a chamber around the core and directing air toward the core so that it is heated during passage over the core, and a metallic drum incorporated in. the core receiving the hottest products of combustion from said central flue and first common flue chamber, the upper end of said drum being closed but extending into the surrounding air chamber to intensely heat the surrounding air and start the circulation in the jacket passages.

l. A furnace comprising a brick core having a fire chamber and a plurality of flues for the circulation of products of combustion from the fire chamber and heating of llO the cores, a plurality of spaced jackets surrounding the core for directing air past the core thereby to be heated, and a metallic drum extendin into the air space defined by the innermost jacket at the top of the core, receiving the hottest products of combustion from the the chamber thereby immediately heating the air surrounding, said drum to start a circulation in the chambers defined by said jackets.

5. A furnace having a brick core, a fire chamber in said brick core, a flue chamber and a main central flue furnishing communication between said chamber and the fire chamber, a plurality of upright flues extending downwardly from said flue chamber, a lower common flue chamber into which said upright fiues discharge, said upright flues having deflectors for directing the products of combustion into said lower common flue chamber, a discharge flue leading from the lower common flue chamber, outer and inner jackets spaced in respect to each other and in respect to the brickcore, the inner jacket being shorter than the outer so that air may pass from one to the other for contact with the brick core, and a metallic drum incorporated in the core and extending into the air space adjacent to the top of the brick core thereby producing a heating of the immediately surrounding air and starting a circulation in the spaces defined by said jackets.

6. A furnace comprising an internally heated brick core, an outer jacket closed at the bottom, an inner jacket in spaced relationship to both the outer jacket and the core, thereby defining air passages and an air chamber, said inner jacket being shorter than'the outer jacket, a plurality of brackets built into the brick core supporting the inner short jacket at the lower end, and ledges built out from the core providing a support for said brackets.

' JOHN HERMANS. 

